Cinnabar
the ore of mercury. It is a red, compact, very heavy mineral, composed chiefly of mercury and sulphur. It is found in California, Mexico, Chile, Japan, Spain, and Hungary. Mercury is obtained from the ore by roasting it in a retort. The pigment vermilion, used by painters for a brilliant red, is an artificial cinnabar in the form of a bright red powder. See Mercury
Volume II · Aiton’s Encyclopedia