Fenians

an organization formed in America and Great Britain in 1859 to secure the independence of Ireland. The Fenian society was organized on the model of the United States Constitution with local, district, and state circles, and a congress. Fenian congresses met in Chicago and Cincinnati in 1865. As many as 60,000 Irishmen are said to have been enrolled. In 1866 several Fenian attempts were made to invade Canada. Two companies actually crossed the Canadian frontier, but were driven back. The leaders were arrested by the United States authorities and sent home on parole. Several Fenian outbreaks occurred in Great Britain, and Fenian rioters were arrested. The repeal of obnoxious legislation and a more liberal treatment of Ireland have allayed Irish discontent. Dissensions within the organization have broken it up. As to the origin of the name, Fingal and his Fenians are the legendary heroes of Ireland, corresponding to King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Their deeds are the theme of many a legendary tale and song. MacPherson's Ossian was the legendary son of this famous chieftain, Finn or Fingal, for whom, we may add, Fingal's Cave is named.