Steel
Iron, when combined with a small portion of carbon. The varieties of steel are very great. Puddled steel is made from pig iron by a modification of the puddling process. Cast steel is made from wrought iron or blister steel by mixing it with powdered charcoal, after which it is melted in a crucible, cast into ingots and rolled or hammered into plates or bars. Blister steel is made from wrought iron by interlaying it with charcoal and keeping it at a high temperature for a number of days. Bessemer steel is made from the liquid cast iron as it comes from the smelting furnace by blowing air into it, thus burning out a portion of the carbon.