Allenby
LORD EDMUND, 1st Viscount, a British commander, born April 23, 1861; chose army as profession and served in the campaigns in Bech- FIELD-MARSHAL LORD EDMUND ALLENBY uanaland, 1884-1885; Zululand, 1888; South African War, 1899-1902. At the outbreak of the World War, commanded the cavalry of the expeditionary forces.
He did brilliant work on the western front, and later was given the chief command of the Palestinian forces. As the outcome of a vigorous campaign, Jerusalem was captured Dec. 10, 1917.
After a rest and refitting of his army, he inaugurated a campaign of dazzling brilliancy on Sept. 19, 1918. Within two days he captured 80,000 prisoners and 500 guns, and put to rout three Turkish armies. On Oct. 1 Damascus fell, Beirut was captured on the 8th, and on October 26 the British ALLIANCE armies entered Aleppo. The Turkish power was utterly crushed, and shortly afterward made overtures for an armistice. In the following year Allenby was sent to Egypt to take charge of the military forces then engaged in suppressing the Egyptian Nationalist uprising. In this he was successful. On his return to England he was rendered an ovation and promoted to the rank of Field-Marshal in recognition of his distinguished services. ALLENSTEIN (al'en-stīn), a city in the district of Allenstein, province of East Prussia, on the river Alle; founded in 1353; has iron foundries, machine works, match factory, breweries, trade and agricultural schools, cattle, and horse markets, and an insane asylum; trade in linen, hops, and wood. On Feb. 4, 1807, Soult defeated the rear guard of the Russian and Prussian army near the bridge over the Alle, between Allenstein and Gutstadt. Pop. about 35,000. The city was the center of important military operations. It was captured in the Russian advance in August, 1914, but was soon retaken by the Germans.
Near by occurred the famous battle of Tannenberg, in the last week of August, 1914. See WORLD WAR.