Ariosto
LUDOVICO (ä-rē-ōs'tō), an Italian poet, born at Reggio, Sept. 8, 1474. Was one of the three great epic poets of Italy, and styled "The Divine."
He abandoned law for the study of the classics, and was introduced with diplomatic missions by Cardinal d'Este, and his brother, Duke of Ferrara. Ariosto's ARISTÆUS fame rests mainly on his great romantic heroic poem "Orlando Furioso." It is really a continuation of Bojardo's "Or- fando Inamorato." Of his other poetical really a continuation of Bojardo's "Orfando Inamorato." Of his other poetical efforts the most noteworthy are his seven epistolary satires, conceived in the spirit of Horace, which contain sundry bits of autobiographical information and rank among the treasures of Italian litera- ture. He died at Ferrara, June 6, 1533. son (ar-is-tē'us), ARISTÆUS Apollo and Cyrene, was brought up by the Nymphs. The introduction of the use of bees is ascribed to him (hence he is called Mellisœus), and gained for him divine honors. of a divine honors.
Greek grammarian, who criticized Hom- ARISTARCHUS (ar-is-tar'kus), a er's poems with the greatest severity, and established a new text; for which reason severe and just critics are often called Aristarchi. He was born in the andria, about 750 в. c. He died at Cyprus, aged 72.
ARISTIDES (a-ris-tīdēz), a statesman of ancient Greece, for his strict integrity surnamed "The Just." He was one of the 10 generals of the Athenians when they fought with the Persians at Marathon B. c. 490. Next year he was when they fought with the Persians at popularity that he excited the jealousy of Themistocles, who procured his banpopularity that he excited the jealousy vaded Greece with a large army, the of Themistocles, who procured his ban- ishment about 483. When Xerxes in- Themistocles now admitted him to his confidence and councils. In the battle of Platæa (479) he commanded the Athenians, and had a great share in gaining the victory. He died at an adof Platæa (479) he commanded the Athenians, and had a great share in he was buried at the public expense.
ARISTIPPUS (ar-is-tip'us), a disciple of Socrates, and founder of a philosophical school among the Greeks, which was called the Cyrenaic, from his native city Cyrene, in Africa; flourished in 380 в. c.
His moral philosophy differed widely from that of Socrates, and was a science ical school among the Greeks, which was called the Cyrenaic, from his native city mental principles were that all human sensations may be reduced to two, pleasure and pain. Pleasure is a gentle, and from that of Socrates, and was a science seek the former, and avoid the latter. sensations may be reduced to two, pleaspleasure, composed of separate gratificaure and pain. Pleasure is a gentle, and man exertions, we should abstain from no kind of pleasure. Still we should always be governed by taste and reason in taught only by his daughter Arete, and our enjoyments. His doctrines were taught only by his daughter Arete, and by his grandson Aristippus the younger, death is unknown. His writings are lost.
Cyrenaics compounded them into a particular doctrine of pleasure, and are hence called Hedonici. The time of his death is unknown. His writings are lost.
ARISTOBULUS (ar-is-to-bū'lus), name high priest of the Jews; from 105-104 B. C. King of Judea. He is supposed to have been the first of the Hasmoneans to high priest of the Jews; from 105-104 take the title of king. In the single year of his reign he conquered portions have been the first of the Hasmoneans to year of his reign he conquered portions take the title of king. In the single of Iturea and Trachonitis, and compelled the people to accept Judaism. ARISTOwas named as high priest by his mother, was given. In a contest for the throne, Queen Regent Alexandra, while to Hyrwas given. In a contest for the throne, about 30 в. C. ARISTOBULUS III. was the he was defeated by Pompey in 63 в. c. and carried captive to Rome. He died grandson of Hyrcanus II.; his sister, Mariamne, was the wife of Herod I., ing his popularity, had him assassinated who appointed him high priest, but, fear- ing his popularity, had him assassinated about 30 B. C. ARISTOBULUS III. was the last male of the Hasmonean family.