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Artillery (All sorts of great guns cannon)

all sorts of great guns, cannon, or ordnance mortars, howitzers, machine-guns, etc., together with all the apparatus and stores thereto belonging, FRENCH 75-MILLIMETER FIELD GUN manufacturer of note in New York, which are taken into the field or used where he established himself in 1839.

The perfection to which limbs have been brought is wonderful and very interesting. A person with two artificial legs can walk so perfectly as to avoid detection, and a person with a single amputation can almost defy detection. Notable for besieging and defending fortified places. It is often divided into (1) horse artillery; (2) field artillery; and (3) garrison artillery.

Field artillery is artillery designed to be taken with an army to the field of battle; a park of artillery is artillery ARTILLERY with the carriages, horses, and stores of all kinds necessary for its effective use; siege artillery is artillery of heavy metal designed to be employed in breaching ARTILLERY ling force is gas. This definition of artillery excludes the mechanical devices by which, in the days of Archimedes and a considerable distance by mechanical the Romans, missiles were projected to means as the ballista. The discovery of A ROMAN DEVICE FOR SHOOTING FOUR ARROWS AT ONCE fortifications; a train of artillery is a certain number of pieces of cannon mounted on carriages, with all their ROMAN CATAPULT gunpowder in the 13th century made possible the engines of destruction that to-day are the chief reliance of armies. Several crude cannon were used at the battle of Crecy in 1346. They were also employed by the troops that Joan of Arc led to the siege of Orleans. Once the employed by the troops that Joan of Arc 000 0000 ১০ 000 BRITISH 9.2" HOWITZER, MOUNTED ON SEMI-PERMANENT BASE The name artillery is also given to the land troops by whom these arms are served, whether they accompany an army in the field, take part in sieges, or occupy fixed posts.

Technically speaking, artillery includes all projectile weapons whose propelthe new arm demonstrated, developments idea was grasped and the possibilities of were rapid. Its use spread through all not until the 17th that its value in warwere rapid. Its use spread through all Europe in the 16th century, but it was tavus Adolphus in the Thirty Years' ARTILLERY War. Napoleon used it with telling ef- rivalry between France and Germany fect in his campaigns, and laid especial stress upon the concentration of artillery fire. The most important modern im- Russia, Japan, Switzerland, and the ARTILLERY resulted in many other important improvements. Austria - Hungary, Italy, ITALIAN 16" MORTAR provements in artillery, besides the in- United States each strove to perfect its crease in size, is the general adoption of rifled ordnance, breech-loaders, and machine-guns. Throughout the 19th century the Great Powers increasingly own artillery and to meet its special requirements. In the World War the use of artillery was on a scale unparalleled up to that time. The Germans 155-MILLIMETER HOWITZER worked on the improvement of their re- and Austrians with their great gun spective artilleries. Great Britain, as a result of its many colonial wars, continuously improved both its military and naval artillery. The Franco-Prussian war of 1870-1871 and the resulting works at Essen and Skoda had a great preponderance over the Allies in heavy guns. The forts at Namur, Liège, Antwerp, and Maubeuge crumbled up like paper before the attack of the monster BREECH PLUG HOOPS POWDER PROJECTILE -TUBE BORE (rifled) TUBE