Auerbach
BERTHOLD (ou'erbäch), a German novelist, born at Nordstetten, Württemberg, Feb. 28, 1812; began to write while a student in Heidelberg, and under the pseudonym "THEO- BALD CHAUBER" produced a "Biography of Frederick the Great" (1834-1836). A series of novels from the history of Judaism, under the collective title "The Ghetto," of which "Spinoza" (1837) and "Poet and Merchant" (1839) were printed in separate editions, was followed by a translation of Spinoza, with a critical biography (1841); and by "The Educated Citizen: a Book for the Thinking Human Mind" (1842). His next work, "Black Forest Village Stories" (1843), was guages and established his fame. To this translated into nearly all European lanclass of tales belong also "The Professor's Lady" (1847); "Joseph in the Snow" (1860); "After Thirty Years" (1876). "On the Heights" (1865) constituted the crowning success of his literary career. was followed by the "Villa on the Rhine" (1868) and "The Head Forester" (1879). He died at Cannes, France, Feb. 8, 1882.
AUERSTÄDT (ou'er-stedt), a village in the Prussian province of Saxony, 10 miles W. of Naumburg. It is famous for the great battle which took place there Oct. 14, 1806, between the French under Davoust, and the Prussian army under Duke Charles of Brunswick, which ended in a great victory for the former. Napoleon, who had, on the same day, defeated the main army of Frederick William II. at Jena, made Davoust Duke of Auerstädt.
AUGEREAU (ōzh-rō'), PIERRE FRANÇOIS CHARLES, DUKE OF CAS- TIGLIONE, a celebrated French general, AUGIER born at Paris in 1757. He joined the army as a private soldier, proceeded to Spain, and soon rose to the rank of adju- tant-general. He then took high command under Napoleon I. in Italy, and in 1796, at the head of his own brigade, poleon owed the brilliant victories of Castiglione and Arcole. Augereau hav- ing been sent by Napoleon to Paris became military commander of the capital, and led the coup d'état, or Revolution of Fructidor, by which the enemies of the Directory were seized and overthrown.
Appointed to the command of the army on the German frontier, he became so wildly democratic that the Directory dis- placed him and sent him to Perpignan. He refused to assist Napoleon in the revolution which preceded the consulate being created and the empire. In 1805, be a Marshal of France, Augereau coma Marshal of France, Augereau comberg; was at the battle of Jena in 1806, and accompanied Napoleon to Berlin. He and, in 1809 and 1810, commanded in Catalonia, where he committed great excesses. Augereau was at the great battles of Leipsic, Oct. 16, 17, and 18, 1813, and in 1814 commanded at Lyons, to repel the march of the Austrians from that direction on the capital. Yielding to superior numbers, he retired to the that direction on the capital. Yielding Napoleon, acknowledged the Bourbons, retained his honors, and became a peer.
He died in June, 1816.
AUGIER, GUILLAUME VICTOR retained his honors, and became a peer. He died in June, 1816. poet, born at Valence, Sept. 20, 1820. "La Ciguë," his first play (1844), was accepted by the managers of the Odéon Théâtre and established the popularity of the author. "Gabrielle," a five-act comedy, and established the popularity of the ished and best constructed work, whether as regards plot, poetry or the delineation of character. He was nominated a memished and best constructed work, whether officer of the Legion of Honor. At the as regards plot, poetry or the delineation of character. He was nominated a mem- ber of the Académie Française, and then his "Fils de Giboyer" had a great success.
He may be said to have founded a new school in French dramatic literature. He died Oct. 25, 1889.