Brunet
JACQUES CHARLES, a French bibliographer; born in Paris, Nov. 2, 1780; published a "Supplement" to the "Bibliographical Dictionary" of Duclos; "Manual du libraire et de l'amateur de livres" (1810, 5th ed. 1865); "Recherches bibliographiques et critiques sur les éditions originales des cinq livres du roman satirique de Rabelais" (1852), etc. He died in Paris, Nov. 16, 1867.
BRUNETIÈRE, FERDINAND (brüntyār'), a French critic, bora in Toulon, July 19, 1849. He was the editor of the "Revue des Deux Mondes" and became a member of the French Academy in 1893.
In criticism he inclined to the idealist as opposed to the naturalist school. His principal works are "History and Literature" (1884, 3 vols.); "The Naturalist Romance" (1883); "Essays on Contemporary Literature" (1892); "Epochs of the French Theater" (1892). In 1897 he delivered a series of lectures in American universities. He died Dec. 9, 1906.
BRUNHILDA (1) in the "Nibelungenlied," the young and stalwart Queen of Isenstein, wife of Gunther, the Burgundian king. She hated passionately Kriemhild and her husband, Siegfried, who had once been her own lover; and she caused BRUNNE his murder by the hands of Hagen. Originally she was identical with the Norse Walkyrie Brynhildr, who, for a fault, was stripped of her divinity by Odin and sunk into a charmed sleep sleep from which she was awakened by Sigurd (Siegfried). (2) The daughter of the Visigothic King Athanagild, married King Sigbert of Austrasia, in 567, and afterward, as regent of her two grandsons, Theodebert II., King of Austrasia, and Theodoric II., King of Burgundy, divided the government of the whole Frankish world with her rival Fredegond, who governed Neustria for the youthful Clotaire II. On the death of Fredegond, in 598, she seized on Neustria and, for a while, united under her rule the whole Merovingian dominions, but was overthrown in 613, by a combination in their own interests of the Austrasian nobles under the nominal leadership of Clotaire II., and put to death by being dragged at the heels of a wild horse.
BRUNI (brō'nē) ISLAND, an island off the S. part of the E. coast of Tasmania, from which it is separated by D'Entrecasteaux Channel. It has a length of 32 miles, a varying breadth of 1 to 11 miles, and an area of 160 square miles. Coal is mined.
BRÜNN (brön), an Austrian city, capital of Moravia, on the railway from Vienna to Prague, nearly encircled by the rivers Schwarzawa and Zwittawa. It contains a cathedral and other handsome churches; a landhaus, where the Provincial Assembly meets; and several palaces; and has extensive manufactures of woolens. It is the center of Moravian commerce. Near it is the fortress of Spielberg, in which Trenck and Silvio Pellico were confined. Pop. about 125,000.
BRUNNE (brön), ROBERT OF, the name by which ROBERT MANNING, a monk of the order founded by St. Gilbert of Sempringham, is usually designated. His monastery was in South Lincolnshire, near the modern town of Bourn and he lived in the reigns of Edward II. and Edward III. His chief work is his "Handlynge Synne," a free and amplified translation into English verse of William of Waddington's "Manuel des Pechiez."
The purpose of the book was to convey religious instruction to the people in the agreeable form of moral anecdotes. He also made a new version in octosyllabic rhyme of Wace's "Brut d'Angleterre," and added to it a popular translation of the French rhyming chronicle of Peter Langtoft of Bridlington. Robert deliberately wrote in English instead of French, in order to reach the common people.
BRUNO