Cabinet
a deliberative committee of the executive authority, consisting of CABLE the principal members of the Government. The cabinet of the President of the United States may be said to be comprovide for a "cabinet." They are, in posed of the heads of the several administrative departments of the Governdency as declared by Acts of Congress: ment, although the Constitution does not 1. The Secretary of State. 2. The Secthe order of succession to the Presiretary of the Treasury. 3. The Secretary of War. 4. The Attorney-General. riculture. 9. The Secretary of Com- 5. The Postmaster-General. 6. The Secretary of the Navy. 7. The Secretary of the Interior. 8. The Secretary of Agmerce.
10. The Secretary of Labor. ident, but their appointments must be confirmed by the Senate, and they gen- They are appointed to office by the Preserally hold office until their successors are appointed and confirmed. Contrary to foreign systems, the United States cabinet ministers do not have seats in Congress; and the President is responsible for the acts of the Government. In Great Britain, the cabinet is the body of ministers who carry on the gov- ernment. It is an institution which has gradually grown out of the needs and exigencies of English political life, and is now an essential part of English polity. As the executive organ of Parliament, it is very elastic, and while subject to considerations of use and wont, its action can be suited to the exigencies of time and circumstance. The cabinet includes: The First Lord of the Treas- ury, the Lord Chancellor, the Lord President of the Council, the Lord Privy Seal, the five secretaries of state (for Home and War), the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the First Lord of the Admiralty, Affairs, Foreign Affairs, Colonies, India, and War), the Chancellor of the Excheqthe Lord Lieutenant or the Chief Secretary of Ireland, the Presidents of the Board of Trade, the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries, the Board of Education, the Ministers of Health, Labor, and Transport. Other ministers, like the Postmaster-, Attorney-, Solicitor-, and Paymaster-General are not members of the cabinet.
CABLE is either a large rope or a twisted into a mass of great compactness and strength. The circumference chain of iron links. Rope cables are made of the best hemp or of wire, or spun around on board ship. These usually consist of of hemp rope varies from about 3 inches to 26. Wire rope has largely taken the The wires are hempen core, each strand consisting of place of hemp for tow-line and hawsers a smaller hempen core. six strands, laid six wires laid the contrary way around 18-Vol. II-Cyc a CABLE CABOT galvanized or coated with a preservative he was chosen a delegate to the memocomposition. Wire ropes are usually rable Hartford Convention, and was housed on board ship by winding them round a special reel or drum. Hemp cables, moreover, have for long been almost wholly superseded by chain cables; the introduction of steam on board ship having brought in its train the powerful steam windlass wherewith to manipulate the heaviest chains and anchors required. Hempen and wire ropes are invariably used as tow-lines and for mooring vessels. Chain cables are made in links.
There are two distinct kinds of chain cables-the stud-link chain, which has a tie or stud welded from side to side, and the short-link or unstudded chain.
The sizes of chain cables are denoted by the thickness of rod iron selected for the links.
In mechanical engineering, a cable is the wire rope used for the purpose of moving the kind of street cars commonly called cable cars or grip cars. A very serious phase of the cable system is in the fact that by far the greater per cent. of the initial power is required to simply haul the cable without cars attached, or when the cable is a little worn it is easily overloaded. The wire rope used for submarine telegraphy is also called a cable. The term is also applied to wires used underground in telephone and electric lighting work, as well as to certain aërial wires used for power transmission. See TELEPHONE; TELE- GRAPH. In navigation the cable is a nautical measure of distance=120 fathoms, or 720 feet, by which the distances of ships in a fleet are frequently estimated.