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Carlos (DON Duke of Madrid nephew)

DON, Duke of Madrid, nephew of Don Carlos of Montemolin, born March 30, 1848. On the death of his uncle (1861) he became head of the CARLISTS (q. v.). In 1867 he married the daughter of Duke Charles III. of Parma. In 1872 he issued a manifesto to the Carlist party at Madrid and appeared in the Basque provinces, but was badly defeated at Oroquieta and fled back to France. In 1873 he reappeared in the N. provinces of Spain; captured the strongprovinces of Spain; captured the strong- hold Estella, and had soon overrun Navarre, Catalonia, Aragon, and Valencia, with the exception of the great cities.

He was aided with money by all the priests and Legitimists of Europe. By February, 1876, the rebels were hemmed in along the N. coast, and the majority fled over the French border, and lived from then on in exile and comparative poverty. He died July 18, 1909.

CARLOS I., King of Portugal, born in 1863, formerly known as Duke of Bra- 1886, Marie Amélie de Bourbon, daughter of the Count of Paris. Immediately after his accession to the throne, in 1889, a revolution broke out in Brazil, which resulted in the overthrow of the empire and the formation of a republic.

In the financial straits to which Portugal was reduced in 1892, the King and his family renounced 20 per cent. of their personal revenue, amounting to his family renounced 20 per cent. of 1, 1908, after having been assassinated, together with his oldest son, Prince Luis, in the streets of Lisbon.