Charity
SISTERS OF.
TERHOODS.
SIS- CHARLEMAGNE CHARIVARI (shär-e-vär-ē), an imitative word, having its origin in slang, describing a mock serenade of discordant music with such accompaniments as tin kettles, shouting, whistling, groaning, hissing, and screaming, and the like, meant for the annoyance and insult of an obnoxious person.
CHARLEMAGNE (shar-lē-mān'), Charles the Great, King of the Franks, and subsequently Emperor of the West, was born in 742, probably at Aix-la- Chapelle. His father was Pepin the Short, King of the Franks, son of Charles Martel. On the decease of his father, in 768, he was crowned king, and divided the kingdom of the Franks with his brother Carloman, at whose death in 771, Charlemagne made himself master of the whole empire, which embraced, be sides France, a large part of Germany.
His first great enterprise was the con quest of the Saxons, a heathen nation living between the Weser and the Elbe, which he undertook in 772; but it was not till 803 that they were finally subdued and brought to embrace Christianity. While he was combating the Saxons, Pope Adrian implored his assistance against Desiderius, king of marched with his army to Italy, the Lombards. Charlemagne immediately Italy, took Pavia, overthrew Desiderius, and was crowned King of Lombardy with the iron crown. In 778 he he repaired to Spain to assist a Moorish prince, and while returning his troops were surprised in the valley of Roncesvalles by the Biscayans, and the rear-guard defeated; Roland, one of the most famous warriors of those times, fell in the battle. As his power increased, he meditated more seriously the accomplishment of the plan of his ancestor, Charles Martel, to restore the Western Empire. Having gone to Italy to assist the Pope, on Christmas day 800 he was crowned and proclaimed Cæsar and Augustus by Leo III. His son Pepin, who had been made King of Italy, died in 810, and his death was followed the next year by that of Charles, his Thus of his legitimate sons eldest son. one only remained, Louis, King of Aquitania, whom Charlemagne adopted as his col 814, in the 47th year of his reign, and his colleague in 813. He died Jan. 28, was buried at Aix-la-Chapelle, his favorite and usual place of residence. Charlemagne was a friend of learning, and deserves the name of restorer of the sciences and teacher of his people. He attracted by his liberality the most distinguished scholars to his court (among others, Alcuin, from England), and established an academy in his palace at Aix-la-Chapelle, the sittings of which he CHARLEMAGNE attended with all the scientific and literary men of his court.
He invited teachers of language and mathematics from Italy to the principal cities of the empire, and founded schools of theology and the liberal sciences in the monasteries. He strove to cultivate his mind by intercourse with scholars; and, to the time of his death, this intercourse remained his favorite recreation. CHARLEROI mar, and several Latin poems. His empire comprehended France, most of Catalonia, Navarre, and Aragon; the Netherlands, Germany as far as the Elbe, Saale, and Eider, Upper and Middle Italy, Istria, and a part of Slavonia. In private life Charlemagne was exceedingly amiable; a good father and generous friend. In dress and habits he was plain and economical. In person he was CHARLEMAGNE His mother-tongue was a form of German, but he spoke several languages readily, especially the Latin, and was naturally eloquent. He sought to improve the liturgy and church music, and attempted unsuccessfully to introduce uniformity of measures and weights. He built a light-house at Boulogne, constructed several ports, encouraged agriculture, and enacted wise laws. He convened councils and parliaments, published capitularies, wrote many letters (some of which are still extant), a gramstrong and of great stature. He was succeeded by his son Louis (le Débonnaire).