Chiang-Hsi
or Kiang-Si, an inland province of China. It is bounded N. by Hu-Pei (Hu-Peh) and Ngan-Hui (An- Hui); E. by Cheh-Chiang (Cheh-Kiang) and Fu-Chien (Fo-Kien or Fuh-Kien) ; S. by Kwang-Tung; and W. by Kwang- Si and Hu-Nan (Ho-Nan). The area is 69,480 square miles. Pop. about 17,- 000,000. Capital, Nan-Chang. The province contains the treaty port of Kiu- Kiang (pop. about 55,000), on the Yangtze-Kiang. The Nan Ling or Southern Mountains traverse the E. half of Chiang-Hsi, and in the N. is the large inland lake of Po-Yang-Hu. Here are established famous manufactories of porcelain. The principal river, aside from the Yang-tze-Kiang, is the Kin-Kiang. The CHIBOUQUE province produces tea and silk, besides porcelain, and has important mineral deposits.
CHIANG-SU or KIANG-SU, an important maritime province of China proper, proper, bounded N. by the province of Shan-Tung; E. by the Yellow Sea; S. by the province of Cheh-Chiang, and W. by the provinces of Ngan-Hwei (An- Hui) and Ho-Nan. Chiang-Su has an area of 38,600 square miles and a population estimated at 16,000,000. The great commercial importance of this province is denoted by its possession of four treaty ports: Shanghai, Nanking, Su-Chow, and Chin-Kiang. Chiang- Su foreign commerce by means of a treaty port. It is traversed almost its whole length by the Grand Canal, the ancient Chinese system of waterways. was in fact the first province opened to The Yang-tze-Kiang empties into the sea through this province and enables it to control the trade of all southern China. There are large cotton mills.
Vessels from all parts of the world touch at SHANGHAI (q. v.). The capital of the province is Nanking, which was formerly the capital of the Chinese Empire. The Tai-Ping rebellion of 1853-1854 had its headquarters in this province. Chiang- Su is the center of Chinese manufacturing industries, especially in textiles. Commercially, the province is controlled by the English, who have invested largely in railways, mills, and government concessions.