Clugny
or CLUNI (klön'yē) (ancient Cluniacum), a town of France in the department of Saône-et-Loire, on the Grône, 46 miles N. of Lyons. There are seen the ruins of a celebrated abbey. The monks of the Order of Clugny were the CLYMER first branch of the order of Benedictines, and took their name from the above town, where they were first established.
The Benedictines having become very lax in their discipline, St. Odo, abbot of Clugny, in 927, not only insisted on a rigorous observance of the rules by the monks under him, but likewise introduced new ceremonies of a severer nature. These new rules soon came to be observed in the principal monasteries in France, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Britain; and by the 12th century the order numbered about 1,000 cloisters in different parts of Europe. The order was abolished in France in 1790. Pop. about 4,000.
CLYDE (klīd), a river of Scotland, which has its sources amid the hills that separate Lanarkshire from the counties of Peebles and Dumfries, passes by Lanark, Hamilton, Glasgow, Renfrew, Dumbarton, Greenock, etc., and forms finally an extensive estuary or firth before it enters the Irish Sea, at the southern extremity of the island of Bute. From its source to Glasgow, where navigation begins, its length is about 80 miles. Its principal tributaries are the Douglas Water, the Mouse, the Nethan, the Avon, the Calder, the North Calder, the Kelvin, the White and Black Cart, and the Leven. Near Lanark it has three celebrated falls the uppermost, Bonniton Linn, about 30 feet high; the next, Cora Linn, where the water takes three distinct leaps, each about as high; and the lowest, Stonebyres, also three distinct falls, altogether about 80 feet. The Clyde, by artificial deepening, has been made navigable for large vessels up to Glasgow, and is the most valuable river in Scotland for commerce.