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Coke (One of the products)
one of the products of the disproduced by burning coal in piles, with bears the same relation to coal that charcoal does to wood. Coke was originally produced by burning coal in piles, with a limited supply of air, much after the modern method of charcoal burning.
This plan occasioned a considerable loss of coal, and led to the building of coke ovens, the coke so produced being found to be much harder and denser than that when coal is distilled for gas and other volatile matters, may be used in place of yard-coke, and that produced in retorts, when coal is distilled for gas and other volatile matters, may be used in place of oven coke with a proper blast.
The most efficient method of coking is by the use of coke ovens. The Beehive oven is probably the simplest. Ovens of this pattern are either circular or recdiameter vary upward to 10 feet. These ovens are built of brick, with dividing walls 2 feet thick, lined with fire brick. They are charged from the top, from diameter vary upward to 10 feet. These ovens are built of brick, with dividing walls 2 feet thick, lined with fire brick.
They are charged from the top, from The volatile matter escoal cars running on rails on the top of the ovens.
Air is admitted the coke is removed through a door in the front of the oven. Air is admitted through the door for about 24 hours after firing, when all openings are plascapes through the charging openings and The entire process occupies front of the oven. about 36 hours, at the end of which the through the door for about 24 hours coke is raked out and quenched with after firing, when all openings are plaswater. The heat required to carry on tered up. the combustion is usually obtained by burning the volatile gases given off by the coal. The oven most used in the is long and narrow with a door at each Pieces Value 912,750 $16,990,000.00 end; the roof is supported by heavy $15,725,000.00 runs along each side of the oven, and 7,106,600.00 runs along each side of the oven, and 9,373,500.00 the gases pass alternately from front 28,426,400 93,735,000 128,728,400 $19,763,600.00 91,335,000 $4,566,750,00 6,567,000 Five Cent Nickel.
One Cent Bronze. 512,607,000 Total Minor... 603,942,000 $9,692,820.00 Total Coinage. 733,583,150 $46,446,420.00 Total Silver 91,335,000 cordage, matting, etc., and consisting of charging to back through the flue to a return flue leading to the chimney at the back. The roof, which are then closed. coal is charged through three cha holes in the roo let at the end of the roof (the only hole they mix with the gases from other The distilled gases pass through an outleft open), into a hydraulic main, where ovens, and are passed through purifiers for the removal of tar and other con- COKE densable matter. From the purifier the gas is blown by fans through pipes passing beneath the ovens to branch pipes where it is burned, heating the ovens.
The air used in the blast is pre-heated by passing through channels in the heated masonry. The coking lasts about 24 hours, at the end of which time a mechanical ram is brought behind the oven and the coke is pushed out by it to a space in front of the oven where it is quenched. The ram is then withdrawn, the doors closed, and the oven recharged while still hot. Coking is carried on to a large extent throughout the United States, both by the use of ovens and as a by-product of gas producers. The total production of coke in the United States in 1918 was 56,478,372 short tons. The State producing the largest amount was Pennsylvania, with a production of 26,- COL