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Cromwell (THOMAS EARL OF ESSEX chief)

THOMAS, EARL OF ESSEX, chief minister to Henry VIII.; born about 1490. He was the son of a blacksmith, appears to have served in the Italian wars for a time, and on his return to England entered the service of Cardinal Wolsey, won his esteem, and was faithful to him in his disgrace. He then entered the king's service, and obtained, with his favor, many of the highest offices of state. He was privy-councillor, principal secretary of state, and, about 1536, vicar-general, and vice-regent in all matters of religion. Cromwell was the friend of Cranmer, and contributed by various measures to the establishment of the reformed doctrines and worship.

In 1539 he was created Earl of Essex, but he soon lost the favor of the king.

In 1540 he was imprisoned, attainted on charges of treason, heresy, and extortion, was not allowed to make any defense, and was executed on Tower Hill, July 28, 1540.