Customs
indirect taxes levied on goods imported into, or exported from, a country. In the United States export duties are forbidden by the Constitution.
The import duties are of five kinds, namely, ad valorem, compound, discriminating, minimum, and specific. Ad valorem duties are a tax of a certain percentage of the value of the merchandise. Compound duties are a mixture of a specific and ad valorem duties and are applied to manufactured articles, the raw materials of which are dutiable. Discriminating duties are additions to the usual rates levied on goods imported from certain countries or portions of the world, or imported in vessels of certain nations. Specific duties are a tax of a certain specified sum for each pound or yard, or other unit of measure of the merchandise; usually irrespective of its quality or value, though sometimes it is provided that they shall vary with variations between specified limits of the quantity or value of the goods.
CUSTOZZA (kös-tōts'a), a village 10 miles S. W. of Verona, where the Italians have twice been utterly defeated by the Austrians. On July 23-25, 1848, Charles Albert was routed after severe fighting by Radetzky with a smaller force, and forced to retreat behind the Mincio; and on June 24, 1866, Victor Emmanuel with 130,000 men was defeated by the Archduke Albert with 75,000 men. 635. He became a monk, and in 664 was appointed prior of Melrose, which after some years he quitted to take a similar charge in the monastery of Lindisfarne.
Still seeking a more ascetic life, Cuthbert then retired to the desolate isle of Farne.
Here the fame of his holiness attracted many great visitors, and he was at last persuaded to accept the bishopric of Hexham, which he, however, resigned two years after, again retiring to his hermitage in the island of Farne, where he died in 687. The anniversary of his death was a great festival in the English Church.