Cyprus
an island lying on the S. of Asia Minor, and the most easterly in the Mediterranean. Its greatest length is 145 miles, maximum breadth about 60 miles; area, 3,584 square miles. The chief features of its surface are two mountain ranges, both stretching E. and W., the one running close to the N. shore, and extending through through the long N. E. horn or prolongation of the island, the other and more massive (Mount Olympus) occupying a great part of the S. of the island, and rising in Troödos to 6,590 feet. Between them is the bare and mostly uncultivated plain called Messaria. There is a deficiency of water. The climate is in general healthy.
The mountains are covered with forests of excellent timber (now under governesteemed one of the richest and most ment supervision), and the island is fertile in the Levant. Wheat, barley, cotton, tobacco, olives, raisins, and carobs are the most important vegetable products. The wine is famous. Silk-worms are reared, and a coarse kind of silk is woven. Salt in large quantities is from Thera, 631 B. C. Seven kings of this race succeeded, and about 450 B. C. are reared, and a coarse kind of silk is woven. Salt in large quantities is produced. The minerals are valuable; the copper mines were of great importance in ancient times (the name copper is derived from that of this island), and are again being worked. Large numbers of sheep and goats are reared on the extensive pasture lands of the island. The principal towns are Lefkosia or Nicosia, the capital, the only considerable inland town, and the sea ports are carobs, wine, and cotton, with cheese, raisins, cocoons, wool, etc. After belonging successively to the seaports exports are carobs, wine, and cotton, with cheese, raisins, cocoons, wool, etc.
After belonging successively to the Phoenicians, Greeks, Egypt, Persia, and again Egypt, Cyprus in 57 B. C. became a Roman province, and passed as such to the E. division of the empire. In again Egypt, Cyprus in 57 B. C. became province, and passed as such a Roman pro to the E. division of the empire. In 1191 it was bestowed by Richard of England (who had conquered it when engaged in the third crusade) on Guy de L Lusignan, and after his line was extinct, it fell into the hands of the Venetians (1489), with whom it remained till it was conquered by the Turks in 1571 and annexed to the Ottoman Empire. In 1878 it was ceded to Great Britain by the convention of Constantinople concluded between England and Turkey. The island has become much more prosperous under British adminis- tration, and roads, harbor-works, etc., have been constructed, trees planted, and schools opened. The head of te government is the chief-commissioner, and there is a legislative council. Great Britain annexed the island in November 1914. Over three-fourths are Greeks, the rest Mohammedans. Pop. (1919) 311,108.
Capital, Nicosia (pop. 16,632).
CYRENAICS, commissioner, or CYRENIANS, a sect of ancient philosophers, whose founder, like that of the Cynics, had disciple of Socrates, being been a Capital, Nicosia (pop. 16,632). sect of ancient philosophers, whose CYRENAICS, or CYRENIANS, a ca, after which city his followers were called. His great maxim was that a man ought to control circumstances, and not be controlled by them. According to him, the sum of life was made up of pleasure and pain; the one to be sought ber of agreeman ought to control circumstances, and as evil. The The chief good, according to him, was the greatest number a republic was established. It was afterward made subject to Egypt, and chief merit.
В. С.
It was kings of passed under the dominion of Rome, 74 B. C. The ruins of this town, called was founded by Battus and his followers this race succeeded, and about 450 в. c. a republic was established.
The ruins of this town, called from Thera, 631 B. C. Seven kin Ghrennah by the Turks, still exist, in a beautiful and fertile plain, about 11 afterward made subject to Egypt, and attest its former magnificence. It was passed under the dominion of Rome, 74 miles from the Mediterranean Sea, and the birthplace of many great men, among whom were Callimachus, Eratosthenes, Carneades, and Aristippus.