Fern
in botany: (1) General: The filical alliance, consisting of vascular acrogens, with marginal or dorsal one- , with marginal or dorsal onecelled spore cases, usually surrounded by an elastic ring; spores of only one kind. Ferns are leafy plants springing from a rhizome, which creeps below or on the surface of the ground or rises into the air like the trunk of a tree.
This trunk does not taper, but is of equal diameter at both ends. It is covered by a hard, cellular, fibrous rind; its wood, when any is present, consists of large, scalariform or dotted ducts; the vernation of the leaves is circinate, their venation often dichotomous. Reproductive organs, consisting of spore cases, arise from the veins on the lower Pope. In 1796, the French entered Ferrara, and made it the capital of the department of Basso Po. In 1814, the Church again recovered it, but in 1859 it became a part of the new Kingdom of Italy. Pop. of commune about 90,000. drated oxide is used to remove H2S from coal gas, and as a mordant in dyeing.
It is reduced by organic matter, but is reoxidized in the air. Ferric oxide unites with ferrous oxide to form magnetic oxide of iron, Fe2O3 FeO, or Fe3O4.
FERN ISLANDS surface of the leaves or from their margins. The collection of seeds are called sori.