Gettysburg
BATTLE OF, a battle fought July 1-3, 1863, between the Union army under General Meade, and the Confederates under General Lee.
During May the armies lay fronting each other upon the Rappahannock.
Early in June Lee began his movement GEYSER for the invasion of Pennsylvania, crossing the Potomac on the 24th and 25th, and reaching Chambersburg, Pa., on the 27th. General Hooker, then in command of the Army of the Potomac, moved in the same general direction, but on the 28th was relieved, and the command given to Meade. In order to prevent his communications from being severed, Lee turned back toward Gettysburg to give battle. Meade had intended to give battle at a spot several miles from Gettysburg, near which was, however, a small portion of his army. This came into collision a little before noon, July 1, with: the advance of Lee, and was forced back, taking up a strong position on Cemetery Hill, in the rear of Gettysburg. Hancock, who had been sent forward to examine the position, reported that Gettysburg was the place at which to receive the Confederate attack, and Meade hurried his whole force to that point. The action on the second day, July 2, began about noon with an_attempt made by Lee to seize Round Top. a rocky hill from which the Union position could be enfiladed. When this day's fighting closed Lee was convinced that he had greatly the advantage, and he resolved to press it the next day. On the morning of July 3 an attempt was made upon the extreme Union right, but repelled. The main attack on the center was preluded by a cannonade from 150 guns, which was replied to by 80, little injury being inflicted by either side.
About noon the Union fire was slackened in order to cool the guns, and Lee, thinking that the batteries were silenced launched a column of 15,000 or 18,000 against the Union lines. Some of this column actually surmounted the low works, and a brief hand-to-hand fight ensued. But the column was practically annihilated, only a small portion escaping death or capture. The forces on each side were probably about 80,000, though all were not really really engaged. No official report of the Confederate loss was ever published; the best estimates put it at about 18,000 killed and wounded, and 13,600 missing, most of them prisoners.
The Union loss was 23,187, 16,543 of whom were killed and wounded.
GEYSER (gizer) (Icelandic geysa = to gush), in geology, an intermittent hot spring, the most notable specimens being those in the Yellowstone region of the Rocky Mountains and those of the S. W. division of Iceland, about 30 miles from Mount Hecla. Nearly 100 of the latter are said to break out within a circle of 2 miles. Few of them play longer than five or six minutes at a time, though sometimes they go on for half an hour.
The largest is called the Great Geyser.
GEYSER It has a pipe 78 feet in vertical depth, and from 8 to 10 feet in diameter, but basin. The latter is 56 feet long by 46 feet broad, and is lined with an incrustawater, the process being aided by the water, the process being aided by the alkali soda, which, with minute quan- GHATS makes its way out of the rent, and the fountain ceases to play. The second in size is the Strokkur. If stones or turf be thrown down its pipe, an eruption will follow within a few minutes, and eject them with great force. Geyser action is produced by the heating of the lower part of the geyser tube. There GUNS GUNS 中中中中中中中中中中中小事 PENDER GUNS ψ ψ ψ ψ ψ ψ ψ ψ 州州 WRIGHT WILCOX PICKETT 10 WILCOX ///// 2ND. POSITION Gettysburg CEMETERY HILL 11TH CDRPS HAYS GIBBON WEBB 000 2ND CORPS HALL DOUBLEDAY 1ST CORPS 3RD CORPS 1ST CORPS 1ST CORPS 12TH CORPS CULP'S HILL ווי RESERVE 忡忡忡忡ARTILLERY RESERVE 0 5TH CORPS LITTLE CORPS ROUND TOP LITTLE ROUND TOP BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG tities of various salts, exists in the water. When the geyser is about to act, subterranean noises are heard like the distant firing of cannon, and the earth water. When the geyser is about to act, subterranean noises are heard like the liquid element is thrown up to the height of 100 or 200 feet. Steam after a time LONGSTREET KILPATRICK are also some remarkable geysers in New Zealand in the Northern Island.