Guadalajara
city and capital of the State of Jalisco, Mexico, and the second city of the republic; in a valley by the Rio Grande de Santiago, here crossed by a fine bridge of 26 arches, 280 miles W. N. W. of Mexico City, with which the place is connected by rail. Though most of the houses are of only one story, the town presents a pleasing appearance.
Guadalajara is the seat of an archbishop, and possesses a handsome cathedral, besides the government palace, a mint, university, hospitals, and school of art. Its industries are important; it is the chief seat of the cotton and woolen manufactures of the country, and the Guadalajara pottery and metal wares, like the confectionery, have a reputation all over Mexico. Pop. about 120,000.
GUADALQUIVIR ver'), a river known to the ancients by gwä - THäl -kever'), a river known to the ancients by the name "Baetis," rises in the Sierra de Cazorla, Spain, on the borders of Jaen and passes Andejar, Cordova, Seville, and San Lucar-de-Barameda. The Guadand passes Andejar, Cordova, Seville, and San Lucar-de-Barameda. The Guadthe right the alquivir receives Guadabarbon, Guadiato, and Biar; on the left, the lesser Guadiana, Guadalen- tin, Jaen, Guadajoz, Xenil, and Corbones. the left, the lesser Guadiana, Guadalen- It falls into the Atlantic at San Lucar, after a winding course of about 250 It falls into the Atlantic at San Lucar, winding course of about 250 after miles. a on GUADALUPE (gâ-dä-löp'), a river rising among the mountains in Kerr co., Tex,; flows a general E. and S. E. course through Blanco, Comal, Guada, Gonzales, De Witt, and Victoria counties, and enters Espiritu Santo Bay between Calhoun and Refugio counties.
GUADALUPE-HIDALGO (gwä-thälö pā-ē-dälgō), a village of the Federal District in Mexico, at the foot of Guadalupe mountain; 5 miles N. of Mexico City. It has a famous brick cathedral, the richest in all Mexico. Here is preserved a miraculous picture of a brown Virgin, painted on a peasant's coarse cloak. The treaty which ended the war with the United States was signed here, Feb. 2, 1848. Pop. about 6,000.
Feb. 2, 1848. Pop. about 6,000. the Leeward Islands; a French colony. GUADELOUPE (gwäd-löp'), one of It is divided into two distinct parts by a narrow arm of the sea called Rivière Salée. The larger portion, or Guadeloupe proper, has an area of about 305 square miles, and is of volcanic origin. A ridge highest points of which are La Soufrière, an active volcano, about 5,108 feet in height, and the extinct volcanoes La and Le Piton-de-Bouillant. The other portion, Grand-terre, has an area of about 300 square miles, and is generally low, never rising to more than 115 feet above the sea-level. The principal exsugar, coffee, dye, cabinet The ports are woods, tafia, hides, copper, etc. principal town, St. Louis, or Point-àports are sugar, coffee, dye, cabinet woods, tafia, hides, copper, etc. The in February, 1843. Guadeloupe was discovered by Columbus in 1493, and named by him Santa Maria de la Guadalupe, In 1635 it was taken by the French, who held it till 1759, when the English gained possession of it, after which it changed Pop. owners several times, till the peace of 1814 restored it to the French. (1918) 117,219. possession of it, after which it changed owners several times, till the peace of 1814 restored it to the French. Pop. flowers, growing in Jamaica. The wood furnishes Lignum vitx; its resin is called gum guaiacum. The leaves of G. sanctum are used in the West Indies as a subflowers, growing in Jamaica. The wood stitute for soap. The bark and wood of both species are used as sudorifics, diagum guaiacum. The leaves of G. sanctum are used in the West Indies as a substitute for soap. The bark and wood of both species are used as sudorifics, diaphoretics, or alteratives. tering and salting works, it has an extract of beef factory. the Gualeguaychú river. Besides slaugh- Pacific Ocean, the largest of the Maritract of beef factory. anne or Ladrone group; area, 200 square Pacific Ocean, the largest of the Marivaluable timber lands. There are 18 miles; capital, Agaña. The island is fertile and to a great extent covered with valuable timber lands. There are 18 schools and about 90 per cent. of the ginning of the American-Spanish War natives can read and write. At the bethe Ladrone group belonged to Spain, and on June 20, 1898, the United States cruiser "Charleston," on its way to Manila, opened fire on Agana. The Spanish and thinking the attack was a salute, garrison, not knowing that war existed, gizing for not returning it, owing to lack sent an officer to the "Charleston" apolorendered in less than 30 minutes. Captain rendered in less than 30 minutes. Captain state of affairs, the place was sur- Leary, of the United States navy, was appointed the first American governor, forms were instituted. Slavery was and under his direction important reabolished, and a break-water and fortifications were built at the harbor of San Luis d'Apra, to establish a coaling station there. United States money has been in circulation since 1909. Pop. 13,275. See AGAÑA. consist GUANAJUATO (gwä-nä-hwä'tō), a State of Mexico; area, 11,370 square miles. The greater part of the surface belongs to the lofty plateau of Anahuac, and is traversed by the Sierra de Gorda (11,030 feet) in the center; the S. W. in the N. and the Sierra de Guanajuato portion belongs to the fertile plain of Bajio. The riches of Guanajuato con chiefly in its valuable mineral products; there are large numbers of gold, silver, lead, copper, and quicksilver mines worked. Stock-raising is of some importance, but agriculture is little pursued, although the soil yields most products of both the temperate and tropical zones; a noteworthy article of woolen factories have been established export is chillies. Large cotton and by foreigners. Pop. State, 1,086,000.
Guanajuato, Mexico, on both sides of a GUANAJUATO, city and capital of GUANO GUATEMALA deep ravine, traversed by a mountain tween Bolivia and Brazil. It unites with stream that in the rainy season is swelled to a foaming torrent. The streets are steep and tortuous, the houses frequently of four or even five stories. The public buildings include a large government palace, a mint, barracks, a cathedral, several convents and colleges, an art school, and the Alhondiga, a public granary. It is a mining town; its handsomest private houses belong to the wealthy proprietors of mines, and it contains several amalgamation works, others lining the cañon for several miles. There are also blanket factories and cotton printing works, electric lights and telephones. Pop. about 36,000.
GUANO (gwa'no), a grayish-white, yellowish, dark brown, or reddish substance. It is a bone phosphate of lime or osteolite with some impurities. Found in islands off the Peruvian and other South American coasts, also in those off the coast of Africa and elsewhere.
Guano from different localities has been differently named. It has been called pyroclasite, pyroguanite, sombrerite, and glaubapatite. Guano is formed by the droppings of multitudinous birds, in secluded places where they have been undisturbed for ages. GUÁNTÁNAMO (gwän-tän-ä'mō) BAY, a harbor of southern Cuba, 38 miles E. of Santiago. To the right of the entrance is a range of rocky hills; on the left the shore is low and swampy.
It was just outside of this bay that United States war vessels, during the early part of the war with Spain, tried to cut the cables which extended from Santiago to Guantánamo and thence to Spain. On May 18, 1898, the "St. Louis" and the tug "Wampatuck" endeavored to get into the mouth of the harbor, but the Spanish batteries and a gunboat in the bay opened such a severe fire that the "Wampatuck" was forced to withdraw, after grappling a cable about 800 yards from the shore. On June 10, the United States cruiser "Marblehead" shelled the hills on the right of the bay where the enemy had erected earthworks, and the next day the transport "Panther" landed 600 marines at Cai manera, Cuba. In July, 1901, Guantánamo Bay was selected by the United States Government as the site of one of four projected naval stations on the Cuban coast. The construction was completed in 1916. Pop. of district about 51,100.
GUAPORÉ (gwä-pō-rā'), a river of South America, rises in Brazil, and for some distance forms the boundary bethe Mamore to form the Madeira. GUARDAFUI (gwär-dä-fwē') CAPE, the extreme E. point of the African continent, and the extremity of an immense promontory, the Somali country, stretching seaward in an E. N. E. direction, and washed on the N. W. by the Gulf of Aden and on the S. E. by the Indian Ocean.