Hyderabad
preferably HAIDAR- ABAD (hi-där-ä-bad'), a state of Hindustan, which comprehends the greater part of that central plateau of Southern India known as the Deccan, and is in possession of a Mohammedan prince, the Nizam; area, 80,000 square miles, exclusive of the Berar or Haidarabad Assigned Districts under British administration. The chief products are rice, wheat, maize, sugar-cane, tobacco, cotton, indigo, fruits, and timber. Pop. about 15,000,000. The ruler of Haidarabad belongs to a dynasty founded by Asaf Jah, a distinguished soldier, whom the Emperor Aurungzeb made viceroy of the Deccan in 1713, with the title of Nizam or Regulator. HAIDARABAD, the capital, is on the Musi river, at an elevation of 1,672 feet above the sea. It is surrounded by a stone wall flanked with bastions. Among the chief buildings are the extensive palace of the Nizam, the British residency, the Char Minar, or Four Minarets, built about 1590 as a Mohammedan college, the Jama Masjid, or cathedral mosque, designed after the one at Mecca. There are manufactures of silks, trinkets, and turbans. Pop. of city, with suburbs, about 550,000. Also a city, capital Sindh, B. I., pop. about 75,000.
HYDER ALI (hi-der-äl'ē), an Indian prince of Arabian origin, born in Mysore in 1718. He took the field with his brother, who was in alliance with France, 1751, and in the interval between that period and 1780 acquired for himself an independent sovereignty, and nearly brought the English presidency of Madras to ruin. His death occurred at a critical period in 1782, and he was succeeded by his son, Tippoo-Sahib, who was driven from the Carnatic in 1783.
HYDNORA (hid-nō'rä), a genus of parasitic plants belonging to the order Cytinacex, which consists entirely of root-parasites. Hydnora africana is a South African species parasitic on the roots of fleshy euphorbiæ and other succulent plants; it has a putrid smell, but is roasted and eaten by the natives, and is also used for tanning.