Invertebrata
a subdivision of the animal kingdom, containing the animals which have no jointed, bony, or cartilaginous spinal column, with a braincase or limbs connected with an internal skeleton. They are divided into the following great groups or types: Mollusca, arthropoda, vermes, echinodermata, zoöphyta, and protozoa, with two intermediate or connecting groups, the tunicata and the molluscoida.
INVOCATION OF SAINTS vailed. The emperors, kings, and princes of Europe had been accustomed to confer the temporalities of the larger benefices and monasteries by the delivery of a ring and a staff, or crozier. When the bishop or abbot elect had received these, he carried them to the metropolitan, who returned them, to indicate that the Church had conferred on him sacred office. Pope Gregory VII. (Hildebrand) considered that a ring and a crozier were insignia of spiritual office, and not of its temporal accompaniments, the crozier symbolizing the pastoral charge and the ring the celestial mysteries. He therefore wished the then reigning emperor, Henry IV., to desist from conferring investitures in such a form, and threatened excommunication on any one conferring investitures or receiving them. The pontiff's legates and the emperor came to an arrangement at the Diet of Worms, 1122, one article of the treaty being that the emperor should confer the temporalities temp of a see or abbacy by some other symbols than the sacred ones of the ring and the crozier.