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Jackson (ANDREW an American statesman)
ANDREW, an American statesman and soldier; 7th President of the United States; born in the Waxhaw Settlement, N. C., March 15, 1767. His father died before his birth. His education was very limited, and he was not given to study. After serving a short apprenticeship with a saddler, at the age of 18 he entered a law office in Salisbury to prepare for the law. His practice was large and prosperous. In 1791 he married Mrs. Rachel Robards. Tennessee was admitted to the Union in 1796, and Jackson was sent as its Representative to Congress. He was elected to the Senate in 1797, but resigned his JACKSON he was the South. seat in 1798 to become judge of the Tennessee Supreme Court, where he served six years. When the War of commander-in-chief. In 1812 broke out, he offered his services to unteers of Tennessee militia, of which put in command of the Department of Jackson was made a major-general, and Madison, then President, with 2,500 vol- He asked permission to drive 1814 Spanish permission, they had established a base of operations. Failing to receive the British out of Florida, where, by an ANDREW JACKSON 2,600 Washington by the British, Jackson proceeded on his own responsibility. He re- Orleans, where he fortified the city. A relieved by the victory of Waterloo for American service, landed below the city.
Jackson had 6,000 men to meet them, but force of 12,000 of Wellington's veterans, answer because of the capture of The British general, Packenham, resolved to take the defenses by storm. Jackson's victory was complete. The British were repulsed in half an hour, with a loss of men, Packenham himself being This great and depulsed the enemy at Mobile, took Pensacola by storm, and then marched to New tks : they were well protected by breastworks. ackson's among the slain. cisive victory, achieved with but the loss of eight men, coming in the wake of made Jackson the hero of the nation. several reverses to the American cause, When, in 1819, the United States pur- Calhoun, JACKSON own Adams.
United States Senate. make C. chased Florida, Jackson was appointed governor. In 1823 he was elected to the In 1824 he was nominated by the Federalist and by the room for Republican conventions for the presidency. The election went to the House of the his Representatives, which chose John Quincy But in 1828 Jackson was again bank to various State banks. After his electoral and popular majority. His adin 1836. ministration was memorable and stormy.
He introduced the theory that "to the the charter. victors belong the spoils," and made wholesale removals of Federal officials to appointees.
South Carolina, under the lead of John Vice-President, attempted to nullify the tariff law, calling a convention Nov. 19, 1833, which declared the law unconstitutional. Jack- United States Bank, opposing the son sent a naval force under Farragut died June 8, 1845. to Charleston harbor. He attacked the died June 8, 1845. bank to various State banks. newal of its charter, which would expire He vetoed the bill renewing He was re-elected in 1832 He succeeded in securing the removal of the public funds from the United States nks.
After his second term of office as President, Jackson lived mostly in retirement at "The Hermitage" near Nashville, where he reing district in 1847. been the first to point out, in 1832, the applicability of electricity to telegraphic use, and also claimed to be the discoverer pulsed the enemy at Mobile, took Pensacola by storm, and then marched to New size of 2,500 francs from the French He pub-