Lyautey
LOUIS HUBERT GON- ZALVE, French soldier; born at Nancy, French Lorraine, in 1854. Member of the French Academy. After a military training he engaged in French colonial service. A pupil of Galleni, Lyautey at Madagascar and Tonking accomplished important work in strengthening the French position in the colonies and pacifying the natives. In 1912 he was appointed Resident-General at Fez, Morocco, at a time when lawlessness reigned unchecked and the Germans were active in fomenting trouble among the Berbers and Arabs. General Lyautey set up advance posts among the malcontents which were influential in civilizing the people. He built up the country by establishing important public works. He trained the Moors to be effective soldiers, sending two army corps to the western front in the European War, where the Moroccans proved their valor. General Lyautey was appointed Minister of War in 1916, but resigned in 1917.
LYCAONIA (lik-ā-ō'ni-ä), in ancient geography, a country in Asia Minor, bounded on the E. by Cappadocia, on the N. by Galatia, on the W. by Pisidia, and on the S. by Isauria and Cilicia; its capital was Iconium.
LYCEUM (-sē'-), the name of an academy at Athens, so called from its position near the temple of Apollo Lyceus. Here Aristotle and his disciples taught, and were called Peripatetics, from their habit of walking up and down its porches while delivering their lec- LYCIA tures. In the present day, in France, in its bursting effects. Its acidic charthe name (lycée) is given to preparatory schools for the universities, as in them the Aristotelian philosophy was formerly taught.
LYCIA (lish'i-ä), in ancient geography, a country on the S. coast of Asia Minor, extending toward Mount Taurus, and bounded on the W. by Caria, on the N. by Phrygia and Pisidia, and on the E. by Pamphylia. The most ancient inhabitants are said to have been two Semitic races called the Solymi and Termilæ, the former of whom were driven from the coast to the mountains in the N. by adventurers from Crete, under the command of Sarpedon, a brother of Minos, who first gave the country the name of Lycia. Lycia became subject to the Persian and Syrian monarchies, and then to Rome. During the time of its independence it consisted of 23 confederate cities. Many monuments and ruined buildings, exquisite sculptures, coins, and other antiquities, testify to the attainments of the Lycians in civilization and the arts.