Marines
troops enlisted for service either on board ship or on shore. They are drilled, disciplined, clothed, equipped, and paid pa similarly to the land forces.
Their duties are to maintain the necessary guards, man some of the guns, form part of the armed crews of the various boats when called away for service, and form a permanent force for landing with I 189 SD short ③ ④ Jeom 6 12 ⑦ ⑧ 1. Major-General Commandant 2. Brigadier-General 3. Colonel 4. Lieut.-Colonel (Silver Leaf); Major (Gold Leaf) 9 MARINE CORPS INSIGNIA 5. Captain 9. First Sergeant 6. 1st Lieutenant (Silver Bar); 2d 10. Gunnery Sergeant Lieutenant (Gold Bar) 7. Corps Insignia 8. Drum Major the movement of world shipping. In the United States the first corporation to take up marine insurance was the Insurance Company of North America, established in 1825. A new development in marine insurance was the action of the United States Government when it, after the outbreak of the World War, in 1914, undertook to assume such risks as were refused by the private underwriters, through an Act of Congress, signed on Aug. 19, 1914. This War Risk Bureau, under the jurisdiction of the Treasury Department, granted granted policies to American vessels entering within the war zone. Congress granted it an appropriation of $5,000,000 with which to begin its operation. Policies on shipping are usually for voyages, though in some cases time policies are also granted. Often additional insurance may be taken out on ships already lost, as in the case of ves- 11. Sergeant 12. Corporal the seamen if necessary. In all these matters they are commanded by their own officers. The marines of the European continental nations are not designed for service permanently on board ship; the American navy is the only one besides that of England in which the marine forms a necessary and definite fraction of ship's company. United States marines distinguished themselves in the World War. First on June 6, 1918, when they helped the French check the German advance near Château-Thierry and advancing 2 miles on a 3-mile front, captured and held Torcy and Bouresches against strong counter-attacks. In the Battle of the Oise, June 10-11, they captured a German strong point, Belleau Wood.