Matthew
an apostle of Jesus, almost certainly the same as Levi, the son of Alpheus. (See Matt. ix: 9-13, Mark ii: 14-16, and Luke v: 27.) He was a "publican" i. e., a taxgatherer-who sat at the receipt of custom at Capernaum on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Taxgatherers are rarely popular men; and, moreover, the money which Matthew raised was not for the Jewish, but for the Roman government, he was, therefore, regarded as outside the pale of society, and his companions, when he was called to the apostleship, were "publicans and sinners." After his call he figures in all the lists of apostles. (Matt. x: 3; Mark iii: 18; Acts i: 13.) Clement of Alexandria represents him as dying MATTHISON "The thors' Club of New York, did valuable work in organizing the American Copyright League, and was a frequent contributor of essays and fiction to periodicals. Of his many writings the following books are the more important:
Theaters of Paris"; "French Dramatists of the Nineteenth Century"; "Margery's Lovers, a Comedy"; "A Family Tree, and Other Stories"; "The Story of a Story"; "Tom Paulding"; "Studies of the Stage"; "Americanisms and Briticisms"; "Vignettes of Manhattan"; "Introduction to the Study of American Literature"; "The Royal Marine"; "Tales of Fantasy and Fact"; "Outlines of Local "Study of the Drama" (1910); "A Book Color"; and "A Confident Tomorrow"; About the Theater" (1916); "These Many Years" (autobiography, 1917). He became Professor of Literature in Columbia University in 1892. In 1913 he was elected president of the National Institute of Arts and Letters.
MATTHIAS (mät-tē'äs), Emperor of Germany; born in Vienna, Feb. 24, 1557.
In 1592 he commanded the army against the Turks in Hungary, and three years later became heir presumptive by the a natural death; much later tradition death of his brother Ernest. He was represents him as having been martyred. elected King of Hungary in 1607, King The Gospel according to St. Matthew, the first of the four Gospels in arrangement, and long most universally held to have been the first in point of publication, though it is more probable that Mark came first and Matthew only second in point of time.
Eusebius fixes the date of its publication in the third year of Caligula, A. D. 41, but lived too late really to know; Irenæus is in favor of a later date, apparently 60. Rationalistic writers, who disbelieve in prophecy, place it after the destruction of Jerusalem.
In 1771 Williams attacked the authenticity of the first two chapters. He was followed by Stroth, Hesse, Ammon, Schleiermacher, Norton, etc. They were defended by Fleming, Griesbach, Hug, Credner, Paulus, Kuinoel, Neander, etc.
All the old manuscripts and versions contain them, and they are quoted by the fathers of the 2d and 3d centuries.