Maury
MATTHEW FONTAINE, an American scientist; born in Spottsylvania co., Va., June 14, 1806; joined the United States navy in 1825; met with an accident in 1839 which crippled him for life, and was then given charge of the Hydrographic Office in Washington.
In 1844, when that office was united with the Naval Observatory, he became super- . intendent. In 1861 he resigned his post; entered the Confederate navy ; established the naval submarine battery service at Richmond; and was engaged in Europe in perfecting a torpedo system till the end of the war. In 1865 he went to Mexico, was appointed a member of Maximilian's cabinet, and was sent to Europe on a special mission by the emperor. After Maximilian's fall he resumed his scientific and literary work. In 1871 he accepted the presidency of the University of Alabama. His scientific works include "Navigation "; "Physical Geography" (1855) ; etc. He died in Lexington, Va., Feb. 1, 1873 .
MAUSOLEUM (-lē'um), a magnificent tomb, or stately sepulchral monument.
The name is derived from Mausolus, King of Caria, to the memory of whom his queen, Artemisia, erected a splendid monument at Halicarnassus, 353 B. C. , 353 в. c.
MAUVE (mōv), aniline purple, or Perkin's purple, the sulphate of the base mauveine occurring in commerce in crystalline masses, as a paste, and in solu- MAVROCORDATOS tion. It is soluble in water, and dyes 1853, was educated at the Maine Wessilk and wood a beautiful purple color. MAVROCORDATOS. See MAUROCOR- DATOS.