Murat
JOACHIM (mü-rä'), French military officer; born in Bastide, Lot, France, March 25, 1771. He was the son of an innkeeper at Cahors, and was intended for the Church, but escaping from the College of Toulouse, he enlisted as a chasseur, but was shortly after dismissed for insubordination. On the formation of the constitutional guard, a soon advanced to the rank of lieutenant- zeal for revolutionary principles, he was checked his progress for a time, but the colonel. The overthrow of the Terrorists zeal for revolutionary principles, he was soon advanced to the rank of lieutenantcolonel. The overthrow of the Terrorists checked his progress for a time, but the Directory made him chief of brigade, and in 1796 he accompanied Bonaparte to Italy as aide-de-camp. Here he distin- Genoa. He followed Napoleon to Egypt, age as a cavalry officer, and was employed as a diplomatist at Turin and at Genoa. He followed Napoleon to Egypt, JOACHIM MURAT where he decided the victory over the Turks at Aboukir, and returned as General of Division. In 1800 he married Marie Caroline, Napoleon's younger sister; and and in 1804 Murat was made Marshal, Grand Admiral, and Prince of the French empire. His services in the campaign of 1805 against Austria, during which he entered Vienna at the head of the army, were rewarded with the grand-duchy continued to share He achy of Berg. 1808, the emperor placed him on the tories with such distinction, that, in throne of Naples. es. After reigning peacecontinued to share Napoleon's vicably four years, he was called to accompany Napoleon to Russia, as commander- ably four years, he was called to accomin-chief of his cavalry; and, after the in-chief of his cavalry; and, after the Naples. He next took part with Napoleon in the fatal campaign of Germany; but, after the battle of Leipsic, he with drew, and finding that the throne of the alliance against him. In 1815, however, he again took up arms. and formed a alliance against him. In 1815, however, MURCIA plan to make himself master of Italy as far as the Po, at the very time that Austria and the allies, on his repeated assurances that he would remain true to them, had determined to recognize him as King of Naples. It was too late.
Austria, therefore, took the field against him, and he was soon driven as a fugitive to France. After the overthrow of Napoleon he escaped, in the midst of continual dangers, to Corsica, from which he sailed with a few adherents to recover his lost throne. A gale, off the coast of Calabria, dispersed his vessels, He was seized, and carried in chains to Pizzo, brought before a court-martial and condemned to be shot. This sentence was executed Oct. 13, 1815. born at Marseilles in 1878, he studied MURATORE, LUCIEN, French tenor; born at Marseilles in 1878, he studied voice culture at the conservatory there, and, after some time spent in Paris, sang with Madame Calvé at the Opera Comique in "La Carmelite," "Muguette" and "Le Cor Fleuri" and at the Paris Opera gaining distinction as Faust and da Rimini." Since 1912 he has been a Romeo, and in "Salome" and "Francesca member of the Grand Opera Company in Chicago.