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Nour-Ed-Deen Mahmoud

Sultan of Syria and Egypt; born in Damascus, Turkey, Feb. 21, 1116. He succeeded his father in 1145, and continued the war with the Christians; his success in which, and especially his complete conquest of Edessa , gave occasion to the second crusade, preached by St. Ber- NOVARA nard, and led by Louis VII. and the Emperor Conrad III. Noureddin compelled the crusaders to raise the siege of Damascus, and in 1149 they retired.

The Sultan immediately attacked and defeated Raïmond, prince of Antioch, who fell in the battle. The next year prince of Antioch , a dependency of Edessa held by Joscehe unsuccessfully besieged Tell-basher, line de Courtenay; but he soon after captured Josceline, and made himself master of Edessa. In 1154 he added Damascus to his dominions, and made the city his capital. The war continued, and in 1159, Noureddin was defeated by the Christians near the lake of Gennesareth, and was menaced by the Greek Emperor Manuel Comnenus. By giving up to Manuel all the Christian captives, 6,000 in number, he induced him to relinquish his enterprise. And soon after one of his generals defeated and made prisoner the famous Renaud de Chatillon.

Noureddin being called in to support one of the rival claimants to the of it, and made it his own. He died at caliphate of Egypt, effected the conquest Damascus, May 15, 1174. anist, born in 1896. She studied with