Oporto
an important city and seaport of Portugal, on the Douro, 2 miles from its mouth, 174 miles N. E. of Lisbon. Situated on a steep declivity on the right bank of the river, the appearance of Oporto from the sea is picturesque and imposing. Oporto possesses many churches and convents, but no monument worthy of a special notice. There are four colleges, an academy of navigation and commerce, a school of medicine and surgery. Manufactures include silk, cotton, woolen and linen fabrics, ropes, tobacco, soap; also, shipbuilding. The harbor within the bar across the mouth of the Douro can only be entered by large vessels at high water. Owing to her situation, Oporto has an extensive commerce. The principal export is a red wine called port, produced on the banks of the Douro. ro. The climate is generally damp and foggy; in winter the cold is very severe, but in summer the winds from the E., S., and W. moderate the intensity of the heat. Oporto occupies the site of the ancient Portus Cale, from which the name Portugal is derived. It was taken and sacked by the French in 1805. Pop. about 200,000.