Orenburg
a town of European Russia (Tartar-Bashkir Republic) on the Ural river; 727 miles E. S. E. of Moscow. Founded (1743) as a frontier fortress, it is now of importance for its commerce only; it imports cotton, silk stuffs, cattle, hides, etc., from Bokhara, Khiva, and Tashkend. Corn, metals, sugar, woven goods are the principal exports. The town possesses an arsenal and two military schools. Pop. about 150,000.