Orkney Islands
a group of 90 Scotch islands, islets, and skerries, of which only 28 are inhabited, and which have an aggregate area of 376 square miles, the largest being Pomona or Mainland (207 square miles), Hoy (53), Sanday (26), Westray, South Ronaldshay, Rousay, Stronsay, Eday, extend 50 miles N. E., and are separated from Caithness by the Pentland Firth, 62 miles wide at the narrowest. With the exception of Hoy, which has fine cliffs, and in the Ward Hill attains 1,564 feet, the scenery is generally tame, the surface low and treeless, with many fresh ORLANDO ORLEANS water Iochs, and the soil shallow, incum- Orleans, was regent of France during the bent on peat or moss. The mean an- minority of Louis XV. His grandson, nual temperature is 45°, the rainfall 34.3 inches. The area under cultivation has more than doubled since 1850, but is still less than one-half of the total area.
The live stock during the same period has trebled; agriculture and fishing are Louis Philippe Joseph, who assumed the surname of Egalité, was beheaded in 1793. Louis Philippe, Duke of Chartres, afterward King of the French, was the son of Egalité. The grandson of Louis Philippe, the Comte de Paris, born 1838, the principal industries. The Orkneys and educated in England, next became (Ptolemy's Orcades) were gradually the head of the royal house and royalist wrested by Norse rovers from their Pictish inhabitants. They continued subject to the Scandinavian crown-till 1231, and afterward under the Earls of Angus and Stratherne and the Sinclairs -till in 1468 they were given to James III. of Scotland as a security for the dowry of his wife, Margaret of Denmark. party of France. He died in England, Sept. 8, 1894; and the title passed to his son, Louis Philippe Robert, born in Twickenham, England, Feb. 6, 1869, and not permitted in France.