Phrenology
the science or doctrine which teaches that a relation exists between the several faculties of the PHYLACTERY human mind and particular portions of the brain, the latter being the organs through which the former act. That the brain, taken as a whole, is the part of the human body through which the mind operates, had been from ancient times the general belief; but the localization of the several faculties was first attempted by Dr. Franz Joseph Gall, who gained, in 1804, a valuable coadjutor in Dr. Spurzheim. When Spurzheim visited Edinburgh, he met Mr. George Combe, who adopted his views, and in 1819 published "Essays on Phrenology," ultimately developed into his "System of Phrenology," which became very popular. Gall enumerated nearly 30, Spurzheim 35, mental faculties which he considered as primitive. These Spurzheim divides into moral, or affective, and intellectual.