Pipe Line
one of the most remarkable of modern devices for lessening the cost of transportation of petroleum.
At first the crude oil was transported from the wells to the refineries on barges and flatboats. Later, railroads obtained much of this business. About 1870 wooden tank cars were displaced by cars with tanks constructed of boiler iron.
These tank cars are still in use to a large extent. The practicability of a line of tubing was suggested by Gen. S.
D.
Karns of Parkersburg, W. Va. In 1872 a Mr.
Hutchinson laid down a short line of pipe on the siphon principle PIQUET Erie canal, the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton, the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago, and St. Louis, and the Western Ohio railroads. Among its important and Ball Memorial Hospital. The city edifices are a library, Federal Building, has important industries including sheet steel works, iron works, stove works, woolen mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 13,388; (1920) 15,044.