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Pisa (UNIVERSITY OF an ancient)

UNIVERSITY OF, an ancient university located at Pisa, Italy. Founded in 1338 by students and professors from the University of Bologna. When PISAGUA Pisa lost its independence in 1406 the university closed its doors, but was reestablished by the famous Lorenzo de' Medici a few years later. In 1544 the first botanical institute in Europe was Europe founded here. The University suffered in prestige during the two succeeding centuries and not until Grand Duke Leopold of Tuscany in 1808 endowed it handsomely did it recover. During the reaction in 1849-1850 in Italy it was forced to close down some of its departments, but since that time it has been reckoned among the greatest of Italian universities. Its library is worldfamous, having 202,976 volumes, 97,302 pamphlets and 1,814 manuscripts.