Porcelain
a fictile material intermediate between glass and pottery, being formed of two substances, fusible and infusible, the latter enabling it to withstand the heat necessary to vitrify the infusible, the latter enabling it to withformer, thus producing its peculiar semitranslucency. The infusible material is alumina, called kaolin; the fusible sub- translucency. The infusible material is former, thus producing its peculiar semifrom Meissen in 1720, began the Aus- ployed. In Vienna, Stölzel, who escaped trian factory, which in 1785 employed 500 men; another was established in Berlin by Frederick the Great. During 500 men; another was established in ployed. In Vienna, Stölzel, who esca the 18th century, works were begun in Russia, Holland, Denmark, Spain, Portu- the 18th century, works were begun in gal, Switzerland and Italy. In France, in 1695. Comte de Brancas-Lauraguan, porcelain was made at St. Yrieix, near soft porcelain was made at St. Cloud gal, Switzerland and Italy. In France, first established at Vincennes in 1740, and moved to Sèvres in 1756. In France, in 1758, found kaolin near Alençon , and the manufacture of soft porcelain ex- Limoges. The Sèvres manufactory was tends from 1695 to 1770, after which date the hard body of Sèvres takes its place. wo worthy, a chemist of Plymouth, found place.
In England, William Cook- date the hard body of Sèvres takes its tends from 1695 to 1770, after which In England, William Cookkao Cornwall, and years, when the works were removed to Bristol. At Chelsea and Bow soft porceworked at Plymouth for two or three Cornwall, and his patent of 1768 was transferred to Derby in 1770 and 1776. worked at Plymouth for two or three Bristol had a soft body works in 1753; its best period was from 1774 to 1778.
Worcester porcelain dates from 1751; its Bristol had a soft body works in 1753; and his patent of 1768 was 2 PORCELAIN CRAB quantities of porcelain are produced in the United States. Trenton, N. J., J., is a center for the manufacture. See Por- TERY.
PORCELAIN CRAB (Porcellana), a name for certain crustacea, typical of the family Porcellanidæ, small smooth crabs. So called from their smooth polished shell.