Rosebery
ARCHIBALD PHILIP PRIMROSE, FIFTH EARL OF, an English statesman; born May 7, 1847; was educated at Eton and Oxford, and succeeded his grandfather in 1868. He was an advanced Liberal in politics, and a ready and effective speaker. er. He was under-secretary at the home office, 1881- 1883; lord privy seal and first commissioner of works, 1885; next year held the secretaryship of foreign affairs till the fall of Gladstone. Had he been able to enter the House of Commons, his rise would have been more rapid. In 1878 188 Nature, almost unaided, will perform wonders in bringing forth new roses; but man, properly conversant with her secrets, can do much to help. Crossing, grafting, and bud variation are the methods practiced by growers. Of these crossing is the favorite and most success- he was elected lord-rector of Aberdeen ful; it consists in transferring the pollen University; in 1880 of Edinburgh Uniof one variety to the stigma of another. The American Beauty rose had its birth in an almost neglected corner of the Washington garden garden of the late George Bancroft. Amid a tangle of roses of common varieties suddenly blossomed this new and wonderful rose. Slips were at once experimented with, and American Beauty has been steadily improved in size and fragrance.
ROSE, JOHN HOLLAND, an English historian, born at Bedford, England, in 1855.
He was educated at Owens College, Manchester, and at Christ's College, Cambridge, graduating from the latter in 1879. He was lecturer on modern history to the Cambridge and London Soversity; in 1899 of Glasgow University, Chancellor of the same in 1908. In 1889 he became a member of the London County Council, and was appointed chair body. The University of Cambridge conferred the degree of LL.D. on him in 1888. He advocated the reform of the House of Lords, and was much interested in the questions of imperial federation and the social conditions of the masses. In 1878 he married Hannah, daughter of Baron Mayer de Rothschild; she died in 1890. When Mr. Gladstone succeeded to power Lord Rosebery became Secretary of Foreign Affairs, and in October of the same year (1892) he was made a Knight of the Garter. On the resignation of Mr. Gladstone in ROSE CHAFER March, 1894, the queen offered the post of prime minister to Lord Rosebery, and he carried on the government with no little success till July, 1895. He then urged on his supporters that the general election should be fought on the question of the predominance of the House of Lords. During 1896 his attitude on the Armenian question differed from that of Mr. Gladstone, and finally he decided on resigning the leadership of the party in order to leave himself an absolutely free hand on this question. He took no further active part in political life, but devoted his time chiefly to historical writing. Lord Rosebery kept an excellent racing stud and in 1894 and 1895 he won the Derby. Among his publications are: "Napoleon" (1900); "Lord Randolph Churchill" (1906); "Chatham" (1910).
ROSE CHAFER (Cetonia aurata), an injurious beetle, whose grubs destroy the roots of strawberries and other plants, while the adults spoil the flowers of roses, strawberries, and seed turnips. The eggs are laid in the ground; the full-grown grubs are whitish and about an inch and a half in length, after two or three years they pupate inside earthen cocoons. The adults, which are well able to fly from place to place, measure about an inch in length, are golden green above, coppery with a tint of rose beneath. The "rosebug" of the Eastern United States is another beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), a voracious pest which destroys the flowers of rosaceous plants.