Salzburg
a city of Austria, capital of the province of Salzburg, picturesquely situated on both banks of the rapid Salza, which is here hemmed in between two isolated hills, 73 miles S. E. of Munich. It is partly walled, and has several handsome squares and streets, ornamental grounds, park, and river promenades. The principal edifices are the cathedral (1614-1668) built in imitation of St. Peter's, Rome, several other churches; the archbishop's palace (now belonging to the town), former imperial palace, exchange, museum, and several benevolent institutions. It was the birthplace of Mozart, and there is a bronze statue of the composer by Schwanthaler.
There is a theological college, and other high-class educational institutions, extensive libraries, etc. The manufactures before the World War were not individually of importance. The town was the see of a bishop in the 7th century, which in 798 was raised to an archbishopric. The Bishops of Salzburg were princes of the German empire, and held the position of sovereigns over the archbishopric till it was secularized in 1802. Pop. about 37,- 300. The province of Salzburg, area 2,767 square miles, is a mountainous country, intersected by numerous valleys, chiefly pastoral, but in many of them much corn and fruit are raised. Wood is abundant, and the minerals, which are very valuable, include gold, silver, lead, copper, cobalt, iron, salt, and marble.
Pop. about 219,000. 7 SALZKAMMERGUT