Starfish
in zoölogy, a popular name for any individual of the family As adæ or Asteridæ; applied specifically to the common starfish, A. (Uraster) rubens, a familiar object on the Atlantic coasts. The body is more or less star shaped, and consists of a central portion, or disk, surrounded by five or more lobes, or arms, radiating from fro the body and containing prolongations of the vis- A 3 5 1 STARFISHES AND BRITTLE STARS 2 STARFISHES AND BRITTLE STARS 2-Gibbous Starlet (Asterina gibbosa); 3-Common Starfish, reproducing rays; 4-Eyed Cribella (Cribella oculata); 5-Lesser Sand-star (Ophiura albida). processes, which are protruded from the under surface of the arms. The nervous system consists of a gangliated cord ments to each of the arms. surrounding the mouth, and sending fila- The young generally pass through a free larval possess in a high degree the power of reproducing lost members and abound in voracious, and are very annoying to all seas. possess in a high degree the power of all seas. reproducing lost members and abound in miles E. S. E. of Stettin. Its well-pre- served walls are surmounted by handsome towers, and its chief buildings are miles E. S. E. of Stettin. Its well-preserved walls are surmounted by handthe Gothic Marienkirche of the 16th some towers, and its chief buildings are century, with richly adorned interior, a Rathhaus of the 11th century, the in grain and cattle. Stargard, de- Bürgerschule of 1860. It manufactures woolens, linens, leather, etc., and tradesthe Hanseatic League, and was strongly stroyed by the Poles in 1120, was raised Thirty Years' War. Pop. about 27,500. to the rank of a town in 1229, joined fortified. It was important during the Thirty Years' War. Pop. about 27,500. cera; but in some forms the central disk extends so as to include the rays, rendering the animal pentagonal in shape. extends SO as to include the rays, renand is often strengthened by calcareous plates or spines. The mouth is situated in the center of the lower surface of the body, and the anus is either absent or on the upper surface. Locomotion is 28, 1728; joined the troops under Major Rogers in the war against the French and Indians in 1754; rendered efficient service at Ticonderoga in 1758, and was actively employed in the subsequent camington he received a colonel's commis- sion, and recruited a regiment which ington he received a colonel's commission, and recruited a regiment which formed the left of the American line at Bunker Hill. In December, 1776, he marched with his regiment under General Gates to re-enforce Washington and was with him at the battles of Princeton and Trenton. In 1777 he resigned his gress in its list of promotions. When, however, information was received that Ticonderoga had been taken, he set out at the head of a small force, met and defeated Baum's forces at Bennington, and likewise defeated the British re-en- forcements of 500 men which Burgoyne had sent to Baum's aid. For this victory he was promoted Brigadier-General and later joined General Gates at Bemis Heights; but the term of his militia having expired, he returned to New Hampshire and recruited a new force. With these he cut off Burgoyne's retreat from Saratoga, and in 1778 was placed in command of the Northern Department.
Later he served in Rhode Island, New