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Stephenson (ROBERT a British civil)

ROBERT, a British civil engineer, only son of George Stephenson; born near Newcastle-upon- Tyne, Oct. 16, 1803; joined his father in ROBERT STEPHENSON his operations on the Liverpool line; became the permanent engineer of that company; surveyed several new lines, STEPHENSON visited South America to inspect the gold and silver mines of that country; and established a name as the first civil engineer in Europe. Among the works with which Robert Stephenson's name is associated, are the High Level Bridge over the Tyne, the Tweed Viaduct, the Britannia Bridge over the Menai Straits, the Victoria Bridge at Montreal across the St. Lawrence, one of the grandest of engineering achievements, and the Alexandria and Cairo railway. In 1847 he entered Parliament for Whitby; he was a Fellow of the Royal Society, and a member of nearly all the scientific societies of Europe. He published two valuable works, "The Locomotive Steam Engine," and "The Atmospheric Railway System."

He died in London Oct. 12, 1859, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where there is a memorial window in his honor.

STEPNIAK (step'nyak), SERGIUS MICHAEL DRAGOMANOV, a Russian revolutionist; born in Gadjatch, Poltava, Russia, in 1841. Exiled in 1876 on account of his criticisms on the system followed by Count Tolstoy, minister of justice, he settled in Geneva in 1877. Among his works are "The Turks Within and Without" (1876); "Underground Russia" (1881); "Tyrannicide in Russia" (1881); "The Russian Peasantry"; "Historical Poland and the Muscovite Democracy" (1881); "Little Russian Internationalism"; "The Propaganda of Soialism"; "Russia under the Czars"; and "The Career of a Nihilist,' a novel (1889). He assisted in editing the folk songs of Little Russia. In 1891 he visited the United States. He died in London, England, Dec. 23, 1895.