Tanks
engines of war first employed by the British in their attack on the Somme (France) in September 15, 1916.
The application of the invention to war he was deemed to have deserved his fate purposes is credited partly to Majorand suffered the punishment of his crime. General E. D. Swinton of the Royal En- TANGIER (tän-jer'), TANGIERS gineers and later of the British War Cabinet, who was the well-known "Eye- (tän-jërz'), TANJA, a seaport and the witness" of the early part of the war, Cabinet, who was the well-known "Eyewitness" of the ea early part of the war, diplomatic capital of Morocco; near the and to Sir William Tritton, who had it entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar. It built and first used in action. But the stands on a height near a spacious bay propelling principle was the caterpillar and presents a very striking appearance farm tractor, invented about 1900 by from the sea. It is the principal center of commerce in Morocco, Morocco, has consider- Benjamin Holt of Stockton, Cal., which able trade with Europe and is the resiwas used by the British army for towself-propelled fort development to a dence of the foreign consuls and diplo- ing huge guns over difficult fields. The development to a self-propelled fort matic corps. Tangier is said to have heavy enough to withstand all but the been founded by the Carthaginians, from heaviest calibred enemy fire and yet mowhom it passed successively to the Goths bile under unfavorable conditions was a and Arabs. It was taken from them by simple one. As a motor-driven armored the Portuguese in 1471, by whom it was vehicle, carrying machine guns and ceded to the British in 1662 as a part similar pieces, it served principally both of the dowry of Catharine of Braganza for purposes of defense and attack. The on her marriage with Charles II. It was abandoned to the Moors in 1684, bom- muddy ground, shell craters, trenches, barded by the Spaniards in 1790, and by the French in 1844. Pop. (1918) 46,000; European 11,000.