Collier's New Encyclopedia

A complete general encyclopedia of 1921 — the world as it was understood just after the Great War, from Aachen to Zwingli, across twelve volumes and six thousand pages.

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Thread

a compound cord consisting of two or more single yarns, doubled and twisted. In the trade it is divided Any fibrous substance, such as cotton or into yarn, which is sometimes called thread. Sewing thread, however, always consists of at least two or more yarns the process is the same whether it is to be woven into cloth thread. Beginning with the spun yarn, the stages in the process of manufacturing a six-cord cotton thread (a very common kind) are: (1) The yarn is doubled and wound on bobbins; (2) the double yarn is then twisted into a two-ply thread; (3) the thread is next rewound on bobbins for the second twist; (4) the thread is twisted a second time on the twisting frame, three two-ply threads (5) the thread is rewound on large bobbeing thus formed into a six-cord thread; bins, from which it is reeled into hanks for bleaching or dyeing; (6) the bleached bins for spooling; (7) spooling-i. e., or dyed thread is next rewound on bobpire. In 305, it was overrun by Alaric, winding the thread on small bobbins shared the vicissitudes of the Roman emobtained possession of all its fortresses, except Constantinople, and remained in the hands of the Turks. By the treaty of obtained possession of all its fortresses, except Constantinople, and remained in Thrace to Greece. the hands of the Turks. By the treaty of Neuilly in 1919 Bulgaria agreed to give Anatinida. Shell oblong, nearly equivalve, slightly compressed, attenuated and gaping behind; cartilage processes thick; pallial sinus shallow. Animal with the slightly compressed, attenuated and rather long, with fringed orifices. They live in water from 4 to 120 fathoms deep.

Recent species 17, from the United States. Greenland, Great Britain, Norlive in water from 4 to 120 fathoms deep. Recent species 17, from the United called spools or pirns for use. The spindles of the spooling machine run at a speed of 7,000 revolutions per minute.

Paisley is, however, the principal seat The making of thread on an industrial of the manufacture in Great Britain. scale was begun in that town in 1722 by obtained information from Holland about the process of making linen thread, and was sold at the time under the name of what she and her friends manufactured was sold at the time under the name of not become of great importance so long as flax was the material used. But in the early part of the 19th century, when the spin spinning machines of Hargreaves, Arkwright, and others came largely into use, THREAD the manufacture of cotton thread was begun in Paisley, and its progress has been on the whole rapid. This has been especially the case since 1860 through the constantly increasing use of sewing machines for both domestic and factory purposes. The mills of Messrs. J. & P. Coats, Limited, are spread over 40 acres of ground, and give employment to fully 5,000 persons; and this firm has also established works at Pawtucket, R. I., and at Petrograd. Next in importance are the works of the Messrs. Clark. In the United States thread is made in several States. The Clarks have large thread mills in Newark and Harrison, N. J.

Linen thread is made at Johnstone, near Paisley, Belfast, Nottingham, and other places. Although a much less quantity of it is manufactured, it is perhaps used for a greater variety of purposes than cotton thread. Silk thread, the stronger kinds of which are called twist, is now used to a very large extent for sewing dyed articles of dress. Cotton was first used in the manufacture of sewing thread at Pawtucket, R. I., by Samuel Salter in 1794.

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