Tracheotomy
the opening of the trachea or windpipe. It may be done in three different positions, viz., between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages, above the thyroid isthmus, and below it, and all three operations are often termed tracheotomy. The operation is performed as follows: An incision is made in the middle line, from an inch and a half to two TRACT SOCIETY brated Cambridgeman, Hugh James Rose. On July 14, 1833, Keble preached an Assize Sermon, entitled the "National Apostasy," at Oxford, which so moved Newman that he arranged a meeting of the clergy named above at Rose's rectory at Hadleigh. Faber, Pusey, and Williams were not present; but Newman broached the idea of "Tracts for the Times," which was adopted, and urged that they should be supported and supplemented by higher pulpit teaching. In 1843 Newman resigned the incumbency of St. Mary's, Oxford, and the chaplaincy of Littlemore, and in September, 1845, was received into the Roman Church, as were others of the tract writers about the same time. With Newman's secession, Tractarianism came to an end, or, more properly speaking, de- Anglican Establishment. The general inches, downward from the cricoid carti- veloped into a Catholic section of the lage through the skin and deep fascia. eration, Confession, the Real Presence, the Authority of the Church, and the value of Tradition.
Any arteries wounded in this incision be- teaching of the Tractarians included ing secured, the subcutaneous connective Apostolic Succession, Baptismal Regentissue is divided, fold after fold, the large vessels being pressed aside or ligatured when required. The sterno-hyoid and sterno-thyroid muscles are then separated by the handle of the knife, exposing the upper portion of the trachea, which is usually covered by the isthmus of the thyroid gland, which may be drawn up with a hook if it is unusually broad.
The trachea should be carefully dissected till three rings are exposed. A sharp tenaculum is then thrust into it, and it is raised somewhat upward and steadied, and then divided from below upward by a sharp-pointed bistoury inserted into one of the interspaces. The completion of the operation is confirmed by the peculiar hissing sound with which the air rushes out of the open wound. The next step is the introduction of the canula, which soon becomes obstructed with mucus, and the inner tube must often be withdrawn for the purpose of cleansing it. The canula