Ulmus
the elm; the typical genus of Ulmaceæ. Flowers perfect; calyx persistent, campanulate, or conical at the base, with three to eight divisions; stamens five, filaments straight in æstivation; ovary two-celled; seed-vessel a samara winged all round; known species about 13. Distribution that of the order. Two species, U. americana, the common white elm, and U. fulva, the slippery elm, are abundant in America. The bark of U. campestris is used in India as an alterative, tonic, and demulcent in chronic skin diseases, especially lepra, psoriasis, and herpes; also as a diaphoretic and diuretic. The bark of U. wallichiana, a large deciduous tree from the northwestern Himalaya, contains a strong fiber especially derived from the flower stalk. An oil is expressed from U. integrifolia, another large deciduous tree, a native of the Indian and Burmese hills; its bruised leaves are applied to boils.