Wines
FREDERICK HOWARD, an American statistician; born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 9, 1838; was graduated at Washington College, Pa., in 1857, and at Princeton Theological Seminary in 1865; was a chaplain in the Union army in 1862-1864; pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, Springfield, Ill., in 1865-1869; became secretary of the Illinois State Board of Commissioners of Public Charities in 1869, and its presi dent in 1893. He was made assistant director of the United States census in 1899. His publications include "Defective, Dependent, and Delinquent Classes in the United States" (10th Census); "Crime, Pauperism, and Benevolence in the United States" (11th Census); "Punishment and Reformation" (1895) (1895); "Liquor Problem in Its Legislative Aspects"; etc. He died in 1912.