Xenophon
a Greek historian, and philosopher; born about 430 B. C. At an early age he became a pupil of Soc. rates, and is said to have been saved from death by that philosopher at the battle of Delium. About the age of 40 XERES he joined the expedition of the younger Cyrus against his elder brother, Artaxerxes Mnemon, King of Persia. After the battle of Cunaxa, and the treacherous massacre of the Greek generals, the adventurous retreat known in his- Xenophon played an important part in tory of the "Retreat of the Ten Thousand"; and it was his courage and conduct that contributed mainly to its success. He afterward settled at Scillus, a small town near Olympia, in Elis, under Spartan protection, where he lived upward of 20 years, occupying himself with hunting, agriculture, and writing.
At last he was driven from his retreat at Scillus by the Eleans, and took refuge in Corinth. His works are numerous, and, to judge by their titles and number, all extant. His principal works are the "Anabasis," or narrative of Cyrus' expedition and the "Retreat of the Ten Thousand"; a "History of Greece," in continuation of Thucydides; the "Cyro- XENOPHON pædia," or education of Cyrus the Elder, a historical romance; "Reminiscences (Memorabilia) of Socrates"; the "Symposium," a sequel to the Memorabilia; horsemanship, etc. He died after 357. the "Economics." He wrote also a manual of cavalry instruction, a treatise on