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Young (JAMES a British chemist born)

JAMES, a British chemist; born in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1811; studied chemistry under Professor Graham at Anderson's College, Glasgow, and became assistant both there and at University College, London. Receiving appointments in chemical works at St.

Helen's and Manchester, he discovered a method of distilling oil from shale, through which he became the founder of the mineral oil industry of Scotland, besides leading to the development of the petroleum industry in America and elsewhere. He acquired a large fortune and endowed a chair of technical chemistry in Anderson's College, Glasgow. He died the miner in 1883.