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Evaporation

The conversion of a fluid into vapor by means of heat, diminished atmospheric pressure, or exposure to a dry atmosphere. The process of evaporation is resorted to; -1. For the vapor as a source of heat or power, as in steam boilers, &c.; -2.

To separate volatile fluids from other bodies which are either fixed or less volatile; -3. To recover solid bodies from their solutions; -4. or the coarser portion. It is usually per- To concentrate or strengthen a solution by formed by grinding or triturating the mass expelling a portion of the liquid; -5. To with a little water, until reduced to a very purify liquids by expelling any volatile matfine powder, and this paste is suddenly dif- ters which they may contain. As evaporafused through a large quantity of water in a tion is, under ordinary circumstances, confined deep vessel, from which, after the subsidence to the surface of the liquid, wide shallow of the grosser portion, the liquid is poured in-vessels are the best for the purpose; the process is greatly facilitated by exposing the all liquids that are not of a corrosive or viscid surface to a current of dry air, especially if nature, and are universally employed for the air be heated. On a small scale, shallow filtering small quantities of liquids in the capsules of glass, wedgwood ware, porcelain or laboratory. A piece of the paper is taken, of a metal, are commonly employed, and are exposed to heat by placing them over a lamp, open fire, or in a water or sand-bath. (See No. 44.)