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Iron Filings

The only way to Iron Filings. The only way to obtain them pure, is to act on a piece of soft iron with a file. 3266. Το Remove Rust from Iron.

We have never seen any iron so badly scaled or incrusted with oxide, that it could not be Iron in Ores. Prepare a crucible of refractory clay by pressing into it successive layers of moistened powdered charcoal until full and solid; clear out a cavity by removing the central portion. Take 200 grains of the powdered ore, and mix it with the same weight of dry slacked lime, and 50 grains charlime, and 50 grains charcoal; if necessary a litte carbonate of soda ; inmay be used with very refractory ores; in- iron with anything like the energy of a soluores; iron with anything like the energy of a solutroduce this mixture into the crucible and lute it up. Expose the crucible to a moderate heat until the contents of the crucible are dry, then apply, and maintain for half an hour the full heat of a blast furnace. Then remove the crucible, tap it steadily on the edge of the furnace, so as to bring the metal- , so as to bring the metallic portion of its contents together at the botat the bottom; and, when cool, break the crucible open. The iron will be found in a clean buta clean button at the bottom of the slag. Clean the iron with a scratch brush, and weigh it. Its weight, divided by 2, will give the percentage of richof richness of the ore under examination .

3260. To Distinguish Wrought and Cast Iron from Steel. Elsner produces a bright surface by polishing or filing, and apfiling, and applies a drop of nitric acid, which is allowed to remain there for one or two minutes, and is then washed off with water. The spot . The spot will then look a pale ashy gray on wrought iron, a brownish black on steel, a deep black on cast iron. It is the carbon present in various proportions which produces the differthe difference in appearance.

3261. To Impart to Cast Iron the Appearance of Bronze. The article to be so treated is first cleaned with great care, and then coated with a uniform film of some vegof some vegetable oil; this done, it is exposed in a furin a furnace to the action of a high temperature, which, however, must not be strong enough cleaned with a solution of 1 part sulphuric acid in 10 parts water. Paradoxical as it may seem, strong sulphuric acid will not attack On withdrawing the artition of the same. cles from the acid solution they should be dipped in a bath of hot lime water, and held there till they become so heated that they will dry immediately when taken out. Then, if they are rubbed with dry bran or sawdust, there will be an almost chemically clean surface left, to which zinc will adbere readily. 3267. To Keep Polished Iron Work Bright. Common resin melted with a little gallipoli oil and spirits of turpentine has been found to answer very well for preserving polished iron work bright. The proportions should be such as to form a coating which will adhere firmly, not chip off, and yet admit of being easily detached by cautious seracautious scraping. 3268. Το Protect Iron from Oxidization. Among the many processes and preparations for preserving iron from the action of the atmosphere, the following will be found the most efficient in all cases where galvanization is impracticable; and, being unaffected by sea water, it is especially applicable to the bottoms of iron ships, and marine work generally: Sulphur, 17 pounds; caustio potash lye of 35° Baumé, 5 pounds; and copand copper filings, 1 pound. To be heated until the copper and sulphur dissolve. Heat, in another , in another vessel, tallow, 750 pounds, and turpentine , 150 pounds, until the tallow is liquefied compositions are to be mixed and stirred together while hot, and may be laid on to the red heat, about 2000° Fahr., is obtained and iron, in the same way as paint. kept up steadily for about 7 days. A hole is