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Soft Soldering

The solder is an alloy of 2 parts tin to 1 part lead, fusible at 340c Fahr.; or, for cheapness, the proportion is sometimes 3 to 2, fusible at 334°. This substance is applied with a hot copper tool called a soldering-iron, or by blowpipe flame.

Heat, however, causes the edges of the metal to oxidize; therefore the edges are covered with a substance having a strong attraction for oxygen, and disposing the metal to unito to the solder at a low temperature. Such substances are called fluxes, and are chiefly borax, resin, sal-ammoniac, muriate of zinc, Venice turpentine, tallow, or oil.